09. Linking

URLs
When you make a link, you are making colored text or even a graphic (talked about later). When somebody clicks on this text, it will take them to another web page, or possibly a certain section of a web page. Let's say that you wanted to make a link from your web page, to Yahoo!. The URL of Yahoo! is:
http://www.yahoo.com

To do this, you would type:
<A HREF="http://www.yahoo.com">What ever text that you want to be colored goes here</A>

The result would be:
What ever text that you want to be colored goes here
You can go ahead and try it if you want to.

Links to Specific Sections
Sometimes, you might want to have a link that will take you further down a page, or to a certain section of another page. An example of this is the index to this web page. You click on the colored text, and it takes you to that section. To do this, you need to do two things. The first, is to make the link, and the second, is to make where the link will lead to. NOTE: You cannot make links to specific sections within a different document unless either you have write permission to the coded source of that document or that document already contains in-document named links.

1) To make the actual link, think of a name for the certain spot. Let's say you are going to call it "spot". If this certain spot is on the same page that the link is, you would type:
<A HREF="#spot">Colored Text
Otherwise, you would add "#spot" to the end of the URL.

2) Now, you need to make where the link will take you. Go to the spot where you want the link to take you, and type:
<A NAME = "spot">
Mailto Links
Most people like to have a link on their web page that automatically sends e-mail to an address. If you want to do this, and your name is Dan, and your e-mail address is a@a.com, type:
<A HREF="mailto:a@a.com">Dan</a>
Here is the result of typing this:
Dan

08. Text - F) Character formatting

Character Formatting
You may want to format some of your text differently than others using text styles. There are several types of styles of text that you can use: bold, italic, underline, strikeout, superscript, subscript, teletype, and blinking text are examples. To do these styles, surround your text with the following commands:


<b>, </b> for bold

<i>, </i> for italic

<u>, </u> for underlined

<strike>, <strike> for strikeout

^, for superscript

_, for subscript

<tt>, </tt> for teletype

<blink>, </blink> for blinking text (very annoying)

07. Text - E) Horizontal Line

Horizontal Rules
Every now and then, you might want to have a horizontal rule, or line in your page. Horizontal rules can be many different sizes and lengths. You can also have the line be solid black, by typing NOSHADE. Here are several examples of sizes and widths, and what the outcome is:
<HR SIZE=1 WIDTH=100%>

<HR SIZE=5 WIDTH=50%>

<HR SIZE=25 WIDTH=75%>

<HR SIZE=3 WIDTH=100%>

<HR NOSHADE SIZE=1 WIDTH=100%>

<HR NOSHADE SIZE=3 WIDTH=100%>

<HR NOSHADE SIZE=10 WIDTH=20%>

06. Text - D) Forced Line Breaks

There are many cases in which you want to end typing on one line, and start on the next. To do this, you can use a simple HTML command. This is one of the few commands that you don't have to put an ending command on. Let's say that you wanted to say "Hello, how are you?", but with each word on a separate line. All you have to type is:
Hello,<BR>how<BR>are<BR>you?
The outcome is:
Hello,
how
are
you?

05. Text - C) Builts and Numbering

There are two types of lists that you can make in HTML, dotted, and numbered. To make a dotted list of: red, orange, green, blue, purple, black, and brown, type:
<UL>
<LI> red
<LI> orange
<LI> green
<LI> blue
<LI> purple
<LI> black
<LI> brown
</UL>

The result is:
• red
• orange
• green
• blue
• purple
• black
• brown
To make a numbered list of: red, orange, green, blue, purple, black, and brown, type:

1. red
   
2. orange
   
3. green
   
4. blue
   
5. purple
   
6. black
   
7. brown
   

The result looks like:
1. red
2. orange
3. green
4. blue
5. purple
6. black
7. brown

04. Text - b) Paragraph

Whenever you have more than a sentence of writing, you should have paragraphs.
To Make a paragraph of "This is a web page. How do you like what I've done? Please e-mail me with any suggestions at a@a.com", type:
<P>This is a web page. How do you like what I've done? Please e-mail me with any suggestions at a@a.com</P>
The outcome is:
This is a web page. How do you like what I've done? Please e-mail me with any suggestions at a@a.com

03. Text - a) Heading

Text

Headings
HTML has six levels of headings, numbered 1 through 6, with 1 being the largest. Headings are displayed in larger, or smaller fonts, and usually bolder. If you wanted to type "Hello", this is what you would type for each heading, and what the outcome is:
<h1>Hello</h1>
Hello
<h2>Hello</h2>

Hello

<h3>Hello</h3>
Hello

<h4>Hello</h4>
Hello

<h5>Hello</h5>
Hello

<h6>Hello</h6>
Hello